Prevremeni mortalitet u Srbiji – uticaj aerozagađenja i pandemije COVID-19

Abstract

Smrtnost mladih u Srbiji je problem koji se često zanemaruje. U radu se kvantifikuje prevremeni mortalitet u Srbiji i to ukupan prevremeni mortalitet, kao i mortalitet izazvan pandemijom COVID-19 i aeroza-gađenjem sitnim PM2.5 česticama. Rezultati pokazuju da Srbija izgubi preko pola miliona godina potencijalnog života godišnje. Aerozaga-đenje PM2.5 najviše utiče na vojvođanske opštine. U radu su date preporuke u vidu promene paradigme kada je u pitanju populaciona politika (umesto pronatalitetne, na onu koja zdravlje stavlja u fokus populacione politike), revizije strateških dokumenata, fokusiranje na prevenciju i otvaranje podataka kao jeftinog načina da se podstakne istraživanje, informiše i edukuje šira javnost.

Premature mortality in Serbia is a problem that is often overlooked. The paper quan-tifies the premature mortality in Serbia, the total premature mortality, as well as the mortality caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and PM2.5 air pollution. Detailed mor-tality (vital statistics based) data is combined with remote sensing data of PM2.5 es-timate how affected are the municipalities of Serbia by air pollution. The results show that Serbia loses over half a million years of potential life per year. Premature mortality due to PM2.5 air pollution is most prominent in municipalities of Vojvodina (North Banat). Results indicate that the initial year of pandemic does not paint a full picture when it comes to premature mortality caused by COVID-19. The paper offers recom-mendations in the form of a needed paradigm shift when it comes to population pol-icy (instead of a pronatalist one – to one that focuses on improvement of public health as a population policy), revision of strategic documents, focus on prevention and open-ing data as a cheap way to encourage research, inform and educate the public.