Uživanje i afektivne komponente mentalnih stanja u antičkom i epikurejskom hedonizmu

Abstract

U tekstu se analizira pojam uživanja u periodu od V – III v. pre nove ere, odnosno razvoj i shvatanje ovog pojma od njegove prve zvanične upotrebe u filozofskim raspravama kod Kirenjana, sve do epikurejskih rasprava koje uživanju daju privilegovan status. Platonova razmišljanja o uživanju svakako nisu od suštinskog interesa u njegovim delima, ali ovde su ukratko analizirana jer mogu da doprinesu potpunijem razumevanju odnosa prema uživanju koje je tada preovladavalo. Tekst bi trebalo da nam, pored istorijske perspektive različitih tumačenja i shvatanja uživanja, ponudi i izvesnu apologiju epikurejskog razumevanja uživanja. Posebnu pomoć u tome pruža nam hipoteza prema kojoj Epikur uživanje ne shvata kao mentalno stanje, već kao afektivnu komponentu odgovarajućih mentalnih stanja.

In this paper, we analyze the concept of pleasure in the period from 5th to 3rd century BC, and the development and understanding of this concept, from its officially first use in the Cyrenean philosophical discourses, up to the Epicurean discussions, which give pleasure a privileged status. Plato’s thoughts on pleasure are certainly not of any essential interest in his writings, but they are analyzed briefly here, because they may contribute to the more complete understanding of the attitude towards pleasure that was dominant in his time. This paper should yield, in addition to a historical perspective concerning the various interpretations and accounts of pleasure, a certain apology of the Epicurean account of pleasure. A hypothesis may be especially helpful, according to which Epicurus does not conceive pleasure as a mental state, but rather as an affective component of the corresponding mental states