Epikurov moral i pravda

Abstract

Tekst nudi osvrt na epikurejsku etiku analizirajući je više iz savremene perspektive, razmatrajući formalne uslove zahvaljujući kojima predstavlja etičku teoriju. Pretpostavljajući da, makar djelimično, zadovoljava uslove koje postavljaju savremeni teoretičari, dalje se razmatra donekle nekonzistentna veza između individualno i egoistično shvatane etike s jedne, i svojevrsnog društvenog ugovora s druge strane. Epikur tvrdi da jedan takva ugovor mora biti poštovan da bi obezbijedio valjano funkcionisanje ljudi u zajednici. Izgleda nam da vođenje sopstvenog života oslanjajući se isključivo na lične preferencije i uživanja isključuje bilo kakvu potrebu za obraćanje pažnje na socijalne okolnosti. Insistiranje na prihvatanju i poštovanju sporazuma među pojedincima nam govori da, pored toga što obezbjeđuje suživot, epikurejska etika nije isključivo individualistička, te da su njeni zahtjevi za hedonizmom ograničeni upravo jednim takvim sporazumom. Ipak, tako formulisan (nerazvijeni i nepotpuni) kontraktarijanizam, iako primamljiv, nije dovoljan da obezbijedi potpuno i univerzalno poštovanje propisanih normi i pravila.

The paper gives us a short notice of Epicurean' ethics analyzed from contemporary perspective, considering formal conditions under whitch it is an ethical theory. Assuming that, at least partially, his theoriy meets the requirements set by modern theorists, our furher consideration is somewhat inconsistent connection between the individual and egoistic conceptions of ethins on the on side, and a kind of social contract on the other side. Epicurus argued that such an agreement must be respected if we want to ensure the proper functioning of people in community. It seems to us that the conduct of our onw lives relaying solely on personal preferences and enjoyment, excludes any need for consideration of social circumstances. Insisting on acceptance and respect the agreement among individuals tells us, in adition to providing coexistence, that the Epicureans' ethics is not purely individualistic and that the requirements for its hedonism are limited precisely by one such agreement. However, (underdeveloped and incomplete) contractarianism formulated on this way, although tempting, is not suficient to ensure completely and universal respect of prescribed norms and rules.