Markov, Čedomir

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  • Markov, Čedomir (17)

Author's Bibliography

Adam J. Berinsky, Political Rumors: Why We Accept Misinformation and How to Fight It, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2023.

Markov, Čedomir

(Beograd : Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju, 2024)

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Markov, Čedomir
PY  - 2024
UR  - http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/3805
PB  - Beograd : Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju
T2  - Filozofija i društvo / Philosophy and Society
T1  - Adam J. Berinsky, Political Rumors: Why We Accept Misinformation and How to Fight It, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2023.
IS  - 1
VL  - 35
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_3805
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Markov, Čedomir",
year = "2024",
publisher = "Beograd : Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju",
journal = "Filozofija i društvo / Philosophy and Society",
title = "Adam J. Berinsky, Political Rumors: Why We Accept Misinformation and How to Fight It, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2023.",
number = "1",
volume = "35",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_3805"
}
Markov, Č.. (2024). Adam J. Berinsky, Political Rumors: Why We Accept Misinformation and How to Fight It, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2023.. in Filozofija i društvo / Philosophy and Society
Beograd : Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju., 35(1).
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_3805
Markov Č. Adam J. Berinsky, Political Rumors: Why We Accept Misinformation and How to Fight It, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2023.. in Filozofija i društvo / Philosophy and Society. 2024;35(1).
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_3805 .
Markov, Čedomir, "Adam J. Berinsky, Political Rumors: Why We Accept Misinformation and How to Fight It, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2023." in Filozofija i društvo / Philosophy and Society, 35, no. 1 (2024),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_3805 .

Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe: How to Engage in Flawed Democracies

Fiket, Irena; Markov, Čedomir; Ilić, Vujo; Pudar Draško, Gazela

(Routledge, 2024)


                                            

                                            
Fiket, I., Markov, Č., Ilić, V.,& Pudar Draško, G.. (2024). Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe: How to Engage in Flawed Democracies. 
Routledge..
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003426103
Fiket I, Markov Č, Ilić V, Pudar Draško G. Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe: How to Engage in Flawed Democracies. 2024;:null-252.
doi:10.4324/9781003426103 .
Fiket, Irena, Markov, Čedomir, Ilić, Vujo, Pudar Draško, Gazela, "Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe: How to Engage in Flawed Democracies" (2024),
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003426103 . .

Political Participation in Southeast Europe: A Scoping Review

Ilić, Vujo; Markov, Čedomir

(Routledge, 2024)

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Ilić, Vujo
AU  - Markov, Čedomir
PY  - 2024
UR  - http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/3783
AB  - The dual crisis of representative democracy and the authoritarian assault on the liberal dimension have challenged the global democratic order. While these parallel processes have been extensively studied, there remains a gap in understanding their implications for the participatory dimension of democracy. This is especially the case for the region of Southeast Europe (SEE), which has been at the forefront of the crisis for more than a decade. What are the key features of the contemporary research agenda on political participation in SEE? What insights does it provide into the evolving trends and patterns of regional participatory practices? This chapter delves into these questions through a scoping review of 149 academic articles addressing political participation in SEE from 2010 to 2022. The observed period is marked by a gradual uptrend in the number of articles, primarily driven by a scholarly interest in unconventional and innovative modes of participation and an emphasis on youth engagement. The results further delineate the characteristics of this academic output in terms of the production of knowledge, geographical emphasis, methodological approaches, target populations and the antecedents and outcomes associated with different forms of political participation. The chapter concludes by identifying literature gaps and suggesting avenues for future research on political participation in SEE.
PB  - Routledge
T2  - Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe: How to Engage in Flawed Democracies
T1  - Political Participation in Southeast Europe: A Scoping Review
SP  - 58
EP  - 88
DO  - 10.4324/9781003426103-5
ER  - 
@inbook{
author = "Ilić, Vujo and Markov, Čedomir",
year = "2024",
abstract = "The dual crisis of representative democracy and the authoritarian assault on the liberal dimension have challenged the global democratic order. While these parallel processes have been extensively studied, there remains a gap in understanding their implications for the participatory dimension of democracy. This is especially the case for the region of Southeast Europe (SEE), which has been at the forefront of the crisis for more than a decade. What are the key features of the contemporary research agenda on political participation in SEE? What insights does it provide into the evolving trends and patterns of regional participatory practices? This chapter delves into these questions through a scoping review of 149 academic articles addressing political participation in SEE from 2010 to 2022. The observed period is marked by a gradual uptrend in the number of articles, primarily driven by a scholarly interest in unconventional and innovative modes of participation and an emphasis on youth engagement. The results further delineate the characteristics of this academic output in terms of the production of knowledge, geographical emphasis, methodological approaches, target populations and the antecedents and outcomes associated with different forms of political participation. The chapter concludes by identifying literature gaps and suggesting avenues for future research on political participation in SEE.",
publisher = "Routledge",
journal = "Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe: How to Engage in Flawed Democracies",
booktitle = "Political Participation in Southeast Europe: A Scoping Review",
pages = "58-88",
doi = "10.4324/9781003426103-5"
}
Ilić, V.,& Markov, Č.. (2024). Political Participation in Southeast Europe: A Scoping Review. in Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe: How to Engage in Flawed Democracies
Routledge., 58-88.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003426103-5
Ilić V, Markov Č. Political Participation in Southeast Europe: A Scoping Review. in Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe: How to Engage in Flawed Democracies. 2024;:58-88.
doi:10.4324/9781003426103-5 .
Ilić, Vujo, Markov, Čedomir, "Political Participation in Southeast Europe: A Scoping Review" in Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe: How to Engage in Flawed Democracies (2024):58-88,
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003426103-5 . .

Why Do We Need Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe?

Fiket, Irena; Ilić, Vujo; Markov, Čedomir; Pudar Draško, Gazela

(Routledge, 2024)

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Fiket, Irena
AU  - Ilić, Vujo
AU  - Markov, Čedomir
AU  - Pudar Draško, Gazela
PY  - 2024
UR  - http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/3782
AB  - This chapter is an opening to the edited volume that critically examines the intersection of social movements, participatory governance and democratic innovations in Southeast Europe. We introduce the chapters that explore the historical experiences and the contemporary evolving landscape of democracy in the region, discussing the challenges of representative democracy, rising autocratization and the potential for democratic innovations in creating more inclusive societies. The contributors to this volume assess the connections between participatory models with civic engagement and institutional practices, shedding light on the dynamic relationship between bottom-up activism and top-down governance.
PB  - Routledge
T2  - Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe: How to Engage in Flawed Democracies
T1  - Why Do We Need Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe?
SP  - 1
EP  - 7
DO  - 10.4324/9781003426103-1
ER  - 
@inbook{
author = "Fiket, Irena and Ilić, Vujo and Markov, Čedomir and Pudar Draško, Gazela",
year = "2024",
abstract = "This chapter is an opening to the edited volume that critically examines the intersection of social movements, participatory governance and democratic innovations in Southeast Europe. We introduce the chapters that explore the historical experiences and the contemporary evolving landscape of democracy in the region, discussing the challenges of representative democracy, rising autocratization and the potential for democratic innovations in creating more inclusive societies. The contributors to this volume assess the connections between participatory models with civic engagement and institutional practices, shedding light on the dynamic relationship between bottom-up activism and top-down governance.",
publisher = "Routledge",
journal = "Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe: How to Engage in Flawed Democracies",
booktitle = "Why Do We Need Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe?",
pages = "1-7",
doi = "10.4324/9781003426103-1"
}
Fiket, I., Ilić, V., Markov, Č.,& Pudar Draško, G.. (2024). Why Do We Need Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe?. in Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe: How to Engage in Flawed Democracies
Routledge., 1-7.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003426103-1
Fiket I, Ilić V, Markov Č, Pudar Draško G. Why Do We Need Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe?. in Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe: How to Engage in Flawed Democracies. 2024;:1-7.
doi:10.4324/9781003426103-1 .
Fiket, Irena, Ilić, Vujo, Markov, Čedomir, Pudar Draško, Gazela, "Why Do We Need Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe?" in Participatory Democratic Innovations in Southeast Europe: How to Engage in Flawed Democracies (2024):1-7,
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003426103-1 . .

How to Run a Deliberative Mini-Public in a Hybrid Regime

Fiket, Irena; Ilić, Vujo; Markov, Čedomir; Pudar Draško, Gazela

(Beograd: Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju, Univerzitet u Beogradu, 2023)

TY  - RPRT
AU  - Fiket, Irena
AU  - Ilić, Vujo
AU  - Markov, Čedomir
AU  - Pudar Draško, Gazela
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/3073
AB  - Efforts to institutionalize deliberative institutions are almost absent in Serbia and other Western Balkan countries. On the other hand, the growing lack of interest of European societies’ citizens in participating in political life through traditional instruments of representative democracy has caused a renewed concern in the EU and its member states for the promotion and encouragement of deliberative institutions (Reuchamps, Suiter 2016). This has resulted in democratic engineering inspired by the principles of participatory and deliberative conceptions of democracy. Democratic experimentation along these lines, observed in many EU countries, gave rise to the promotion and institutionalization of deliberative institutions (town meetings, citizen assemblies, neighborhood councils, citizen juries, participatory budgets, etc.). However, democratizing effects of deliberation have been a matter of intense political and academic debate for over 20 years. Still, with a few exceptions,
most deliberative institutions were implemented in stable democracies.
While deliberative institutions and other participatory democratic innovations are generally less known in Serbia and the region, there has been a trend of citizen mobilization in the form of social movements and local civic initiatives, which are both a symptom of unresponsive and more openly authoritarian institutions and the potential pathway to democratization (Fiket, Pudar Draško 2021). The pace and scope of these developments in the undemocratic societies of the Western Balkan region, in terms of both bottom-up and top-down democratic experimentation, call for a deeper understanding of their internal dynamics and their social and political impact as both individual cases and parts of a greater cycle of social movement mobilizations and institutional experimentation.

Responding to this need, the research team gathered within the framework of the Jean Monnet network “Active citizenship: promoting and advancing innovative democratic practices in the Western Balkans,” led by the Institute for Philosophy and social theory, University of Belgrade, organized two deliberative mini-publics (DMPs) within an hybrid institutional setting, including in the design of DMPs perspective of social movements and civic initiatives. The aim was to strengthen dialogue between different perspectives, approaches, and fields around deliberative and participatory forms of democracy in an undemocratic environment. This project was carried out in cooperation with the European
Jean Monnet Network ACT WB - Active Citizenship in the Western Balkans, coordinated by the Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory of the University of Belgrade (IFDT), together with four more European universities and the Belgrade Fund for Political Excellence. The planning and implementation of DMPs took place through the cooperation of the Scientific Committee, comprising the following members: Irena Fiket (IFDT), Ana Đorđević (IFDT), Biljana
Đorđević (Faculty of Political Science), Ivana Janković (Faculty of Philosophy), Gazela Pudar Draško (IFDT), Jelena Vasiljević (IFDT), and the Executive Organization Committee (Belgrade Fund for Political Excellence and MASMI).
This handbook aims to present the findings of the research done within this JM network.
PB  - Beograd: Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju, Univerzitet u Beogradu
T1  - How to Run a Deliberative Mini-Public in a Hybrid Regime
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_3073
ER  - 
@techreport{
author = "Fiket, Irena and Ilić, Vujo and Markov, Čedomir and Pudar Draško, Gazela",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Efforts to institutionalize deliberative institutions are almost absent in Serbia and other Western Balkan countries. On the other hand, the growing lack of interest of European societies’ citizens in participating in political life through traditional instruments of representative democracy has caused a renewed concern in the EU and its member states for the promotion and encouragement of deliberative institutions (Reuchamps, Suiter 2016). This has resulted in democratic engineering inspired by the principles of participatory and deliberative conceptions of democracy. Democratic experimentation along these lines, observed in many EU countries, gave rise to the promotion and institutionalization of deliberative institutions (town meetings, citizen assemblies, neighborhood councils, citizen juries, participatory budgets, etc.). However, democratizing effects of deliberation have been a matter of intense political and academic debate for over 20 years. Still, with a few exceptions,
most deliberative institutions were implemented in stable democracies.
While deliberative institutions and other participatory democratic innovations are generally less known in Serbia and the region, there has been a trend of citizen mobilization in the form of social movements and local civic initiatives, which are both a symptom of unresponsive and more openly authoritarian institutions and the potential pathway to democratization (Fiket, Pudar Draško 2021). The pace and scope of these developments in the undemocratic societies of the Western Balkan region, in terms of both bottom-up and top-down democratic experimentation, call for a deeper understanding of their internal dynamics and their social and political impact as both individual cases and parts of a greater cycle of social movement mobilizations and institutional experimentation.

Responding to this need, the research team gathered within the framework of the Jean Monnet network “Active citizenship: promoting and advancing innovative democratic practices in the Western Balkans,” led by the Institute for Philosophy and social theory, University of Belgrade, organized two deliberative mini-publics (DMPs) within an hybrid institutional setting, including in the design of DMPs perspective of social movements and civic initiatives. The aim was to strengthen dialogue between different perspectives, approaches, and fields around deliberative and participatory forms of democracy in an undemocratic environment. This project was carried out in cooperation with the European
Jean Monnet Network ACT WB - Active Citizenship in the Western Balkans, coordinated by the Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory of the University of Belgrade (IFDT), together with four more European universities and the Belgrade Fund for Political Excellence. The planning and implementation of DMPs took place through the cooperation of the Scientific Committee, comprising the following members: Irena Fiket (IFDT), Ana Đorđević (IFDT), Biljana
Đorđević (Faculty of Political Science), Ivana Janković (Faculty of Philosophy), Gazela Pudar Draško (IFDT), Jelena Vasiljević (IFDT), and the Executive Organization Committee (Belgrade Fund for Political Excellence and MASMI).
This handbook aims to present the findings of the research done within this JM network.",
publisher = "Beograd: Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju, Univerzitet u Beogradu",
title = "How to Run a Deliberative Mini-Public in a Hybrid Regime",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_3073"
}
Fiket, I., Ilić, V., Markov, Č.,& Pudar Draško, G.. (2023). How to Run a Deliberative Mini-Public in a Hybrid Regime. 
Beograd: Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju, Univerzitet u Beogradu..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_3073
Fiket I, Ilić V, Markov Č, Pudar Draško G. How to Run a Deliberative Mini-Public in a Hybrid Regime. 2023;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_3073 .
Fiket, Irena, Ilić, Vujo, Markov, Čedomir, Pudar Draško, Gazela, "How to Run a Deliberative Mini-Public in a Hybrid Regime" (2023),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_3073 .

Divine Genius, Subversive Hero, or Creative Entrepreneur? Exploring Various Facets of the Artist as a Mythical Figure

Mevorah, Vera; Guga, Jelena; Markov, Čedomir

(Beograd: Etnografski institut SANU, 2023)

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mevorah, Vera
AU  - Guga, Jelena
AU  - Markov, Čedomir
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/2827
AB  - People have always related art to the creation and transmission of myths. While myth as a theme in art has been thoroughly addressed, research about the “mythic” nature of the artist figure is far less common. The 20th and 21st centuries brought challenges to the status of art and artists in society, historically situated archetypes and stereotypes that we associate with the figure of the “artist” still survive to this day (e.g. “genius”, “subversive artists”, “child prodigy”, “eccentric”, etc.). In this paper, we set out to analyze various tropes used persistently to describe artists and explore how relevant the resulting myths are in (self) perceptions of Serbian contemporary artists. Our multidisciplinary approach to this topic combines a historical­theoretical and empirical perspective. Through historical research of the relevant literature, we described and mapped the key tropes of the (mythical) artist figure as it developed in Western culture. In the theoretical analysis we address the inseparability of digital culture with everyday life of people today, which we call postdigital. We explore how the transition into contemporaneity affects the determination of the “artist­figure”, i.e., how it impacts the contemporary process of myth­making. Following our historical­theoretical analysis, we conducted five in­depth interviews with contemporary Serbian artists to understand better how relevant the artist­ myth tropes are for their self­perception.
PB  - Beograd: Etnografski institut SANU
T2  - Glasnik Etnografskog instituta SANU
T1  - Divine Genius, Subversive Hero, or Creative Entrepreneur? Exploring Various Facets of the Artist as a Mythical Figure
IS  - 1
VL  - 71
SP  - 99
EP  - 121
DO  - 10.2298/GEI2301099M
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Mevorah, Vera and Guga, Jelena and Markov, Čedomir",
year = "2023",
abstract = "People have always related art to the creation and transmission of myths. While myth as a theme in art has been thoroughly addressed, research about the “mythic” nature of the artist figure is far less common. The 20th and 21st centuries brought challenges to the status of art and artists in society, historically situated archetypes and stereotypes that we associate with the figure of the “artist” still survive to this day (e.g. “genius”, “subversive artists”, “child prodigy”, “eccentric”, etc.). In this paper, we set out to analyze various tropes used persistently to describe artists and explore how relevant the resulting myths are in (self) perceptions of Serbian contemporary artists. Our multidisciplinary approach to this topic combines a historical­theoretical and empirical perspective. Through historical research of the relevant literature, we described and mapped the key tropes of the (mythical) artist figure as it developed in Western culture. In the theoretical analysis we address the inseparability of digital culture with everyday life of people today, which we call postdigital. We explore how the transition into contemporaneity affects the determination of the “artist­figure”, i.e., how it impacts the contemporary process of myth­making. Following our historical­theoretical analysis, we conducted five in­depth interviews with contemporary Serbian artists to understand better how relevant the artist­ myth tropes are for their self­perception.",
publisher = "Beograd: Etnografski institut SANU",
journal = "Glasnik Etnografskog instituta SANU",
title = "Divine Genius, Subversive Hero, or Creative Entrepreneur? Exploring Various Facets of the Artist as a Mythical Figure",
number = "1",
volume = "71",
pages = "99-121",
doi = "10.2298/GEI2301099M"
}
Mevorah, V., Guga, J.,& Markov, Č.. (2023). Divine Genius, Subversive Hero, or Creative Entrepreneur? Exploring Various Facets of the Artist as a Mythical Figure. in Glasnik Etnografskog instituta SANU
Beograd: Etnografski institut SANU., 71(1), 99-121.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GEI2301099M
Mevorah V, Guga J, Markov Č. Divine Genius, Subversive Hero, or Creative Entrepreneur? Exploring Various Facets of the Artist as a Mythical Figure. in Glasnik Etnografskog instituta SANU. 2023;71(1):99-121.
doi:10.2298/GEI2301099M .
Mevorah, Vera, Guga, Jelena, Markov, Čedomir, "Divine Genius, Subversive Hero, or Creative Entrepreneur? Exploring Various Facets of the Artist as a Mythical Figure" in Glasnik Etnografskog instituta SANU, 71, no. 1 (2023):99-121,
https://doi.org/10.2298/GEI2301099M . .

Becoming a Target: Journalists’ Perspectives on Anti-Press Discourse and Experiences with Hate Speech

Markov, Čedomir; Đorđević, Ana

(Taylor & Francis, 2023)

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Markov, Čedomir
AU  - Đorđević, Ana
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/2826
AB  - In many parts of the world, journalists work in increasingly hostile environments. To better understand the characteristics and implications of hostility against the press in a hybrid regime, this study explores how journalists in Serbia perceive and experience anti-press hate speech. Based on 20 interviews with diverse reporters, we describe hate speech against journalists as an ad hominem attack triggered by the very nature of journalistic conduct. We discuss two identified mechanisms of hate speech propagation. The first, machinery of hate speech, refers to orchestrated attacks on independent journalists by ruling party officials, pro-government news outlets, and troll armies. In contrast, the lone-wolf-haters mechanism refers to authentic and sporadic expressions of hate by extreme partisan audiences to which all journalists are susceptible, regardless of their affiliation. Describing their personal experiences, the participants report various responses to encountering hate speech, ranging from immediate emotions to less immediate psychological reactions to physical health problems. To prevent hateful acts from interfering with their journalistic performance, they rely on a variety of coping strategies and mechanisms, including psychological and professional strategies, as well as social and institutional support.
PB  - Taylor & Francis
T2  - Journalism Practice
T1  - Becoming a Target: Journalists’ Perspectives on Anti-Press Discourse and Experiences with Hate Speech
DO  - 10.1080/17512786.2023.2215738
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Markov, Čedomir and Đorđević, Ana",
year = "2023",
abstract = "In many parts of the world, journalists work in increasingly hostile environments. To better understand the characteristics and implications of hostility against the press in a hybrid regime, this study explores how journalists in Serbia perceive and experience anti-press hate speech. Based on 20 interviews with diverse reporters, we describe hate speech against journalists as an ad hominem attack triggered by the very nature of journalistic conduct. We discuss two identified mechanisms of hate speech propagation. The first, machinery of hate speech, refers to orchestrated attacks on independent journalists by ruling party officials, pro-government news outlets, and troll armies. In contrast, the lone-wolf-haters mechanism refers to authentic and sporadic expressions of hate by extreme partisan audiences to which all journalists are susceptible, regardless of their affiliation. Describing their personal experiences, the participants report various responses to encountering hate speech, ranging from immediate emotions to less immediate psychological reactions to physical health problems. To prevent hateful acts from interfering with their journalistic performance, they rely on a variety of coping strategies and mechanisms, including psychological and professional strategies, as well as social and institutional support.",
publisher = "Taylor & Francis",
journal = "Journalism Practice",
title = "Becoming a Target: Journalists’ Perspectives on Anti-Press Discourse and Experiences with Hate Speech",
doi = "10.1080/17512786.2023.2215738"
}
Markov, Č.,& Đorđević, A.. (2023). Becoming a Target: Journalists’ Perspectives on Anti-Press Discourse and Experiences with Hate Speech. in Journalism Practice
Taylor & Francis..
https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2023.2215738
Markov Č, Đorđević A. Becoming a Target: Journalists’ Perspectives on Anti-Press Discourse and Experiences with Hate Speech. in Journalism Practice. 2023;.
doi:10.1080/17512786.2023.2215738 .
Markov, Čedomir, Đorđević, Ana, "Becoming a Target: Journalists’ Perspectives on Anti-Press Discourse and Experiences with Hate Speech" in Journalism Practice (2023),
https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2023.2215738 . .
6
5

„Da, vredi boriti se“: Kako aktivisti u Srbiji obezbeđuju pažnju javnosti u digitalnom okruženju

Markov, Čedomir

(Beograd : Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju, 2023)

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Markov, Čedomir
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/2828
AB  - Cilj ovog rada je da istraži načine na koje aktivisti u Srbiji koriste digi- talne alate kako bi obezbedili pažnju publike i ostvarili ciljeve za koje se zalažu. Podaci su prikupljeni kvalitativnom analizom sadržaja digi- talnih objava deset udruženja građana i dubinskim intervjuima sa ak- tivistima. Procedurom tematskog kodiranja identifikovane su tri ključne strategije koje ilustruju povezanost digitalnog aktivizma, na- vika digitalnih publika i političke kulture. Prva strategija nazvana je ukrojavanje i predstavlja različite oblike prilagođavanja sadržaja ka- rakteristikama platforme i ciljnoj grupi. Strategija povezivanje odnosi se na upotrebu dijaloških i interaktivnih funkcija digitalnih platformi za definisanje granica zajednice i jačanje veza u njoj. Na kraju, osnaži- vanje i organizovanje je strategija kojom aktivisti pokušavaju da oja- čaju efikasnost pratilaca i edukuju ih o političkim procesima kako bi podstakli interesovanje građana za politiku i aktivnosti udruženja.
AB  - The digital environment presents activists with new possibilities and challenges in
their advocacy efforts when performing the key communication functions—i.e., informing the public, community building, and mobilizing citizens for various activities.
Digital tools allow activists to circumvent mainstream media gatekeepers and speak
directly to their audiences. Activists can use digital platforms to build and maintain
relations with their public, forging a dialogue on important issues for the community.
Digital platforms can also be used to reinvigorate citizens’ interest in politics and facilitate various modes of political participation. However, in order to utilize the full potential of digital platforms, activists need to find ways to capture the attention of
digital audiences. This is becoming increasingly difficult as activists face stark competition from various actors—including politicians, celebrities, and popular brands—
who also depend on public attention to meet their goals. Against this background, this
study set out to identify and describe the main strategies that activists in Serbia use
to capture the attention of digital audiences to promote the social changes they
advocate.
Given the exploratory nature of the study, a qualitative research design was selected. Data were collected using qualitative content analysis and in-depth interviews.
Purposive sampling was used to select ten diverse organizations that differ with
respect to the type of organization (formally registered NGOs and informal citizens’
associations), thematic focus (e.g., environment, housing, and labor rights), and
geographic scope (local, regional, and national). The entire content of each organization’s websites and social media posts (on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram)
published between 1 September and 31 December 2021 were analyzed. In addition,
in-depth interviews were conducted with ten activists from six organizations that
accepted the invitation to participate. The main research question was addressed
through an inductive thematic analysis of notes obtained through qualitative content
analysis and interview transcripts.
Three key strategies were identified based on the procedure outlined above. The
first strategy was tailoring, which refers to a set of tactics employed by activists to
adjust the content and presentation of digital communications to the target group and
platform characteristics. Activists drew most attention and engagement from digital
audiences through careful selection of information, emphasis on the relevance of information to audiences, and creative forms of presentation. However, it was also found
that activists often replicate the same content across digital platforms, failing to utilize the specificity of each platform, which appeared to negatively influence audience
engagement. The second strategy was labeled connecting and refers to the use of dialogic and interactive functions of digital platforms to strengthen the ties between
community members. Activists often successfully spurred audience engagement by
asking questions and starting debate on important issues, as well as by amplifying authentic voices that are often missing from mainstream discourse. However, though
activists frequently started discussions on digital platforms, they rarely participated
in these discussions, missing the opportunity to use the interactive features of digital
platforms to improve public perceptions of civil society and contribute to trust building. Finally, empowering and organizing was identified as a strategy activists use to increase the political efficacy of their followers, increase their interest in politics, and
motivate them to take various forms of political action. Celebrating small victories
and motivational framing were recognized as successful tactics for increasing audience engagement. Less successful were mobilization posts that did not explain how
citizens can participate and how their participation will contribute to desired changes.
The theoreticaland practical implications of these findings were discussed.
PB  - Beograd : Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju
T2  - Kritika: časopis za filozofiju i teoriju društva
T1  - „Da, vredi boriti se“: Kako aktivisti u Srbiji obezbeđuju pažnju javnosti u digitalnom okruženju
T1  - „Yes, It’s Worth Fighting For“: How ActivistsiIn Serbia Capture Public Attention in the Digital Environment
IS  - 1
VL  - 4
SP  - 3
EP  - 24
DO  - 10.5281/zenodo.7983762
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Markov, Čedomir",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Cilj ovog rada je da istraži načine na koje aktivisti u Srbiji koriste digi- talne alate kako bi obezbedili pažnju publike i ostvarili ciljeve za koje se zalažu. Podaci su prikupljeni kvalitativnom analizom sadržaja digi- talnih objava deset udruženja građana i dubinskim intervjuima sa ak- tivistima. Procedurom tematskog kodiranja identifikovane su tri ključne strategije koje ilustruju povezanost digitalnog aktivizma, na- vika digitalnih publika i političke kulture. Prva strategija nazvana je ukrojavanje i predstavlja različite oblike prilagođavanja sadržaja ka- rakteristikama platforme i ciljnoj grupi. Strategija povezivanje odnosi se na upotrebu dijaloških i interaktivnih funkcija digitalnih platformi za definisanje granica zajednice i jačanje veza u njoj. Na kraju, osnaži- vanje i organizovanje je strategija kojom aktivisti pokušavaju da oja- čaju efikasnost pratilaca i edukuju ih o političkim procesima kako bi podstakli interesovanje građana za politiku i aktivnosti udruženja., The digital environment presents activists with new possibilities and challenges in
their advocacy efforts when performing the key communication functions—i.e., informing the public, community building, and mobilizing citizens for various activities.
Digital tools allow activists to circumvent mainstream media gatekeepers and speak
directly to their audiences. Activists can use digital platforms to build and maintain
relations with their public, forging a dialogue on important issues for the community.
Digital platforms can also be used to reinvigorate citizens’ interest in politics and facilitate various modes of political participation. However, in order to utilize the full potential of digital platforms, activists need to find ways to capture the attention of
digital audiences. This is becoming increasingly difficult as activists face stark competition from various actors—including politicians, celebrities, and popular brands—
who also depend on public attention to meet their goals. Against this background, this
study set out to identify and describe the main strategies that activists in Serbia use
to capture the attention of digital audiences to promote the social changes they
advocate.
Given the exploratory nature of the study, a qualitative research design was selected. Data were collected using qualitative content analysis and in-depth interviews.
Purposive sampling was used to select ten diverse organizations that differ with
respect to the type of organization (formally registered NGOs and informal citizens’
associations), thematic focus (e.g., environment, housing, and labor rights), and
geographic scope (local, regional, and national). The entire content of each organization’s websites and social media posts (on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram)
published between 1 September and 31 December 2021 were analyzed. In addition,
in-depth interviews were conducted with ten activists from six organizations that
accepted the invitation to participate. The main research question was addressed
through an inductive thematic analysis of notes obtained through qualitative content
analysis and interview transcripts.
Three key strategies were identified based on the procedure outlined above. The
first strategy was tailoring, which refers to a set of tactics employed by activists to
adjust the content and presentation of digital communications to the target group and
platform characteristics. Activists drew most attention and engagement from digital
audiences through careful selection of information, emphasis on the relevance of information to audiences, and creative forms of presentation. However, it was also found
that activists often replicate the same content across digital platforms, failing to utilize the specificity of each platform, which appeared to negatively influence audience
engagement. The second strategy was labeled connecting and refers to the use of dialogic and interactive functions of digital platforms to strengthen the ties between
community members. Activists often successfully spurred audience engagement by
asking questions and starting debate on important issues, as well as by amplifying authentic voices that are often missing from mainstream discourse. However, though
activists frequently started discussions on digital platforms, they rarely participated
in these discussions, missing the opportunity to use the interactive features of digital
platforms to improve public perceptions of civil society and contribute to trust building. Finally, empowering and organizing was identified as a strategy activists use to increase the political efficacy of their followers, increase their interest in politics, and
motivate them to take various forms of political action. Celebrating small victories
and motivational framing were recognized as successful tactics for increasing audience engagement. Less successful were mobilization posts that did not explain how
citizens can participate and how their participation will contribute to desired changes.
The theoreticaland practical implications of these findings were discussed.",
publisher = "Beograd : Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju",
journal = "Kritika: časopis za filozofiju i teoriju društva",
title = "„Da, vredi boriti se“: Kako aktivisti u Srbiji obezbeđuju pažnju javnosti u digitalnom okruženju, „Yes, It’s Worth Fighting For“: How ActivistsiIn Serbia Capture Public Attention in the Digital Environment",
number = "1",
volume = "4",
pages = "3-24",
doi = "10.5281/zenodo.7983762"
}
Markov, Č.. (2023). „Da, vredi boriti se“: Kako aktivisti u Srbiji obezbeđuju pažnju javnosti u digitalnom okruženju. in Kritika: časopis za filozofiju i teoriju društva
Beograd : Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju., 4(1), 3-24.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7983762
Markov Č. „Da, vredi boriti se“: Kako aktivisti u Srbiji obezbeđuju pažnju javnosti u digitalnom okruženju. in Kritika: časopis za filozofiju i teoriju društva. 2023;4(1):3-24.
doi:10.5281/zenodo.7983762 .
Markov, Čedomir, "„Da, vredi boriti se“: Kako aktivisti u Srbiji obezbeđuju pažnju javnosti u digitalnom okruženju" in Kritika: časopis za filozofiju i teoriju društva, 4, no. 1 (2023):3-24,
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7983762 . .

Mevorah, V., Guga, J., Markov, Č. (eds.), International Scientific Conference EMERGE 2022: Digital Society Now - Book of Abstracts, Belgrade: Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory, 2022

Mevorah, Vera; Guga, Jelena; Markov, Čedomir

(Belgrade : Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory, 2022)

TY  - GEN
AU  - Mevorah, Vera
AU  - Guga, Jelena
AU  - Markov, Čedomir
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/3281
PB  - Belgrade : Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory
T1  - Mevorah, V., Guga, J., Markov, Č. (eds.), International Scientific Conference EMERGE 2022: Digital Society Now - Book of Abstracts, Belgrade: Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory, 2022
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_3281
ER  - 
@misc{
author = "Mevorah, Vera and Guga, Jelena and Markov, Čedomir",
year = "2022",
publisher = "Belgrade : Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory",
title = "Mevorah, V., Guga, J., Markov, Č. (eds.), International Scientific Conference EMERGE 2022: Digital Society Now - Book of Abstracts, Belgrade: Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory, 2022",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_3281"
}
Mevorah, V., Guga, J.,& Markov, Č.. (2022). Mevorah, V., Guga, J., Markov, Č. (eds.), International Scientific Conference EMERGE 2022: Digital Society Now - Book of Abstracts, Belgrade: Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory, 2022. 
Belgrade : Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_3281
Mevorah V, Guga J, Markov Č. Mevorah, V., Guga, J., Markov, Č. (eds.), International Scientific Conference EMERGE 2022: Digital Society Now - Book of Abstracts, Belgrade: Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory, 2022. 2022;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_3281 .
Mevorah, Vera, Guga, Jelena, Markov, Čedomir, "Mevorah, V., Guga, J., Markov, Č. (eds.), International Scientific Conference EMERGE 2022: Digital Society Now - Book of Abstracts, Belgrade: Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory, 2022" (2022),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_3281 .

Unpacking Public Animosity Toward Professional Journalism: A Qualitative Analysis of the Differences Between Media Distrust and Cynicism

Markov, Čedomir; Min, Young

(Sage, 2022)

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Markov, Čedomir
AU  - Min, Young
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/2825
AB  - Amidst a widely discussed crisis in audience-media relations, this study argues for the importance of a more nuanced understanding of audience animosity toward professional journalism. Based on 20 in-depth interviews with diverse news audiences in Serbia, we explored how media distrust and cynicism can be empirically distinguished. While both perceptions entail negative expectations from journalism, our findings indicate that they diverge with respect to interviewees’ views on journalistic ideals and integrity, differentiation between media actors, and receptivity to journalistic performance. In the interviews, cynicism emerged as the deterministic and process-oriented perception that journalism serves no other purposes than financial profit and audience manipulation. In contrast, distrust was a more nuanced, probing, and outcome-oriented perception that may be open to correction in the presence of counter-evidence. These findings can help media researchers and educators to better diagnose and address negative media perceptions.
PB  - Sage
T2  - Journalism
T1  - Unpacking Public Animosity Toward Professional Journalism: A Qualitative Analysis of the Differences Between Media Distrust and Cynicism
SP  - 1
EP  - 19
DO  - 10.1177/14648849221122064
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Markov, Čedomir and Min, Young",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Amidst a widely discussed crisis in audience-media relations, this study argues for the importance of a more nuanced understanding of audience animosity toward professional journalism. Based on 20 in-depth interviews with diverse news audiences in Serbia, we explored how media distrust and cynicism can be empirically distinguished. While both perceptions entail negative expectations from journalism, our findings indicate that they diverge with respect to interviewees’ views on journalistic ideals and integrity, differentiation between media actors, and receptivity to journalistic performance. In the interviews, cynicism emerged as the deterministic and process-oriented perception that journalism serves no other purposes than financial profit and audience manipulation. In contrast, distrust was a more nuanced, probing, and outcome-oriented perception that may be open to correction in the presence of counter-evidence. These findings can help media researchers and educators to better diagnose and address negative media perceptions.",
publisher = "Sage",
journal = "Journalism",
title = "Unpacking Public Animosity Toward Professional Journalism: A Qualitative Analysis of the Differences Between Media Distrust and Cynicism",
pages = "1-19",
doi = "10.1177/14648849221122064"
}
Markov, Č.,& Min, Y.. (2022). Unpacking Public Animosity Toward Professional Journalism: A Qualitative Analysis of the Differences Between Media Distrust and Cynicism. in Journalism
Sage., 1-19.
https://doi.org/10.1177/14648849221122064
Markov Č, Min Y. Unpacking Public Animosity Toward Professional Journalism: A Qualitative Analysis of the Differences Between Media Distrust and Cynicism. in Journalism. 2022;:1-19.
doi:10.1177/14648849221122064 .
Markov, Čedomir, Min, Young, "Unpacking Public Animosity Toward Professional Journalism: A Qualitative Analysis of the Differences Between Media Distrust and Cynicism" in Journalism (2022):1-19,
https://doi.org/10.1177/14648849221122064 . .
13
3

Na šta mislimo kada kažemo... Aktivizam, digitalno okruženje i pažnja javnosti

Markov, Čedomir

(Beograd : Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju, 2022)

TY  - RPRT
AU  - Markov, Čedomir
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/2620
AB  - U ovom radu se razmatra kako aktivisti u Srbiji koriste dostupne digitalne alate da bi obezbedili pažnju javnosti i ostvarili ciljeve za koje se zalažu. Na osnovu pregleda interdisciplinarne literature o aktivizmu u digitalnom okruženju, u prvom delu rada ponuđen je osvrt na ključne mogućnosti i izazove koje su digitalne tehnologije donele aktivistima prilikom informisanja javnosti, izgradnje zajednice i mobilizacije podrške. Nakon toga, analizirano je trenutno stanje u ovoj oblasti u Srbiji i identifikovani su neki od ključnih problema, poput nedovoljne informisanosti i negativnih percepcija javnosti o civilnom sektoru, kao i nedostatka strateškog pristupa komuniciranju aktivista sa javnostima u digitalnom prostoru. Na osnovu pregleda dostupnih podataka i nalaza originalnog istraživanja ponuđene su i preporuke civilnom društvu, donatorima i istraživačima sa ciljem da pomognu aktivistima da delotvornije planiraju i sprovode digitalne komunikacione strategije.
PB  - Beograd : Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju
T2  - Na šta mislimo kada kažemo... dobro društvo?
T1  - Na šta mislimo kada kažemo... Aktivizam, digitalno okruženje i pažnja javnosti
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2620
ER  - 
@techreport{
author = "Markov, Čedomir",
year = "2022",
abstract = "U ovom radu se razmatra kako aktivisti u Srbiji koriste dostupne digitalne alate da bi obezbedili pažnju javnosti i ostvarili ciljeve za koje se zalažu. Na osnovu pregleda interdisciplinarne literature o aktivizmu u digitalnom okruženju, u prvom delu rada ponuđen je osvrt na ključne mogućnosti i izazove koje su digitalne tehnologije donele aktivistima prilikom informisanja javnosti, izgradnje zajednice i mobilizacije podrške. Nakon toga, analizirano je trenutno stanje u ovoj oblasti u Srbiji i identifikovani su neki od ključnih problema, poput nedovoljne informisanosti i negativnih percepcija javnosti o civilnom sektoru, kao i nedostatka strateškog pristupa komuniciranju aktivista sa javnostima u digitalnom prostoru. Na osnovu pregleda dostupnih podataka i nalaza originalnog istraživanja ponuđene su i preporuke civilnom društvu, donatorima i istraživačima sa ciljem da pomognu aktivistima da delotvornije planiraju i sprovode digitalne komunikacione strategije.",
publisher = "Beograd : Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju",
journal = "Na šta mislimo kada kažemo... dobro društvo?",
title = "Na šta mislimo kada kažemo... Aktivizam, digitalno okruženje i pažnja javnosti",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2620"
}
Markov, Č.. (2022). Na šta mislimo kada kažemo... Aktivizam, digitalno okruženje i pažnja javnosti. in Na šta mislimo kada kažemo... dobro društvo?
Beograd : Institut za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2620
Markov Č. Na šta mislimo kada kažemo... Aktivizam, digitalno okruženje i pažnja javnosti. in Na šta mislimo kada kažemo... dobro društvo?. 2022;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2620 .
Markov, Čedomir, "Na šta mislimo kada kažemo... Aktivizam, digitalno okruženje i pažnja javnosti" in Na šta mislimo kada kažemo... dobro društvo? (2022),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2620 .

Kada kažeš „lažna vest” na šta tačno misliš? Kvalitativna analiza upotrebe izraza „lažna vest” u medijskom izveštavanju u Srbiji

Markov, Čedomir

(Beograd: Udruženje za političke nauke Srbije, 2022)

TY  - CONF
AU  - Markov, Čedomir
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/2503
AB  - Cilj ove studije bio je da ponudi dubinski uvid u kontekst koji okružuje upotrebu
pojma lažna vest u medijskom izveštavanju u Srbiji. Na osnovu kvalitativne
analize sadržaja (N = 300) identifikovane su tri teme koje opisuju karakteristike
medijskog diskursa o lažnim vestima. Prva je problematizacija fenomena lažnih
vesti kroz definisanje problema, traženje uzroka, razmatranje posledica i/
ili predlaganje mera u borbi protiv lažnih vesti. Druga vrsta upotrebe upućuje
na instrumentalizaciju ovog izraza u političke svrhe. Treća tema nazvana je
normalizacijom diskursa o lažnim vestima i označava usputnu upotrebu ovog
izraza kao pomodne fraze u različitim kontekstima.
AB  - The goal of this study was to offer in-depth insight into uses of the term “fake
news” in news reporting in Serbia. Based on a qualitative content analysis (N
= 300), three themes emerged describing the key characteristics of the media
discourse on fake news. The first one describes the phenomenon of fake news
as a problem by defining it and identifying its causes, consequences, and potential
measures for fighting it. The second theme describes instrumentalizing
the fake news label for political purposes. The final theme was the normalization
of the fake news discourse, which refers to using the term “fake news” in
passing as an empty buzzword with different meanings in different contexts.
PB  - Beograd: Udruženje za političke nauke Srbije
PB  - Beograd: Univerzitet u Beogradu – Fakultet političkih nauka
C3  - Građani u doba dezinformacija. Zbornik radova sa međunarodne konferencije Udruženja za političke nauke održane 25–26.09.2021. u Beogradu
T1  - Kada kažeš „lažna vest” na šta tačno misliš? Kvalitativna analiza upotrebe izraza „lažna vest” u medijskom izveštavanju u Srbiji
T1  - What do you mean when you say "fake news"? Use of the term "fake news" in news reporting in Serbia – A qualitative analysis
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2503
ER  - 
@conference{
author = "Markov, Čedomir",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Cilj ove studije bio je da ponudi dubinski uvid u kontekst koji okružuje upotrebu
pojma lažna vest u medijskom izveštavanju u Srbiji. Na osnovu kvalitativne
analize sadržaja (N = 300) identifikovane su tri teme koje opisuju karakteristike
medijskog diskursa o lažnim vestima. Prva je problematizacija fenomena lažnih
vesti kroz definisanje problema, traženje uzroka, razmatranje posledica i/
ili predlaganje mera u borbi protiv lažnih vesti. Druga vrsta upotrebe upućuje
na instrumentalizaciju ovog izraza u političke svrhe. Treća tema nazvana je
normalizacijom diskursa o lažnim vestima i označava usputnu upotrebu ovog
izraza kao pomodne fraze u različitim kontekstima., The goal of this study was to offer in-depth insight into uses of the term “fake
news” in news reporting in Serbia. Based on a qualitative content analysis (N
= 300), three themes emerged describing the key characteristics of the media
discourse on fake news. The first one describes the phenomenon of fake news
as a problem by defining it and identifying its causes, consequences, and potential
measures for fighting it. The second theme describes instrumentalizing
the fake news label for political purposes. The final theme was the normalization
of the fake news discourse, which refers to using the term “fake news” in
passing as an empty buzzword with different meanings in different contexts.",
publisher = "Beograd: Udruženje za političke nauke Srbije, Beograd: Univerzitet u Beogradu – Fakultet političkih nauka",
journal = "Građani u doba dezinformacija. Zbornik radova sa međunarodne konferencije Udruženja za političke nauke održane 25–26.09.2021. u Beogradu",
title = "Kada kažeš „lažna vest” na šta tačno misliš? Kvalitativna analiza upotrebe izraza „lažna vest” u medijskom izveštavanju u Srbiji, What do you mean when you say "fake news"? Use of the term "fake news" in news reporting in Serbia – A qualitative analysis",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2503"
}
Markov, Č.. (2022). Kada kažeš „lažna vest” na šta tačno misliš? Kvalitativna analiza upotrebe izraza „lažna vest” u medijskom izveštavanju u Srbiji. in Građani u doba dezinformacija. Zbornik radova sa međunarodne konferencije Udruženja za političke nauke održane 25–26.09.2021. u Beogradu
Beograd: Udruženje za političke nauke Srbije..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2503
Markov Č. Kada kažeš „lažna vest” na šta tačno misliš? Kvalitativna analiza upotrebe izraza „lažna vest” u medijskom izveštavanju u Srbiji. in Građani u doba dezinformacija. Zbornik radova sa međunarodne konferencije Udruženja za političke nauke održane 25–26.09.2021. u Beogradu. 2022;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2503 .
Markov, Čedomir, "Kada kažeš „lažna vest” na šta tačno misliš? Kvalitativna analiza upotrebe izraza „lažna vest” u medijskom izveštavanju u Srbiji" in Građani u doba dezinformacija. Zbornik radova sa međunarodne konferencije Udruženja za političke nauke održane 25–26.09.2021. u Beogradu (2022),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2503 .

Understanding the Public’s Animosity Toward News Media: Cynicism and Distrust as Related but Distinct Negative Media Perceptions

Markov, Čedomir; Min, Young

(Thousand Oaks : SAGE, 2021)

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Markov, Čedomir
AU  - Min, Young
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/2508
AB  - This study proposes that media distrust and cynicism are two related but distinct perceptions that indicate qualitatively different ways in which audiences relate to news media. To substantiate this, we developed a new instrument to measure media cynicism. Factor analyses showed that the indicators of media distrust and cynicism are not influenced by the same underlying dimension. Structural equation modeling indicated that while distrust appears to be predominately caused by perceived media responsiveness, media cynicism may be susceptible to a wider range of factors.
PB  - Thousand Oaks : SAGE
T2  - Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly
T1  - Understanding the Public’s Animosity Toward News Media: Cynicism and Distrust as Related but Distinct Negative Media Perceptions
SP  - 1
EP  - 27
DO  - 10.1177/10776990211061764
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Markov, Čedomir and Min, Young",
year = "2021",
abstract = "This study proposes that media distrust and cynicism are two related but distinct perceptions that indicate qualitatively different ways in which audiences relate to news media. To substantiate this, we developed a new instrument to measure media cynicism. Factor analyses showed that the indicators of media distrust and cynicism are not influenced by the same underlying dimension. Structural equation modeling indicated that while distrust appears to be predominately caused by perceived media responsiveness, media cynicism may be susceptible to a wider range of factors.",
publisher = "Thousand Oaks : SAGE",
journal = "Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly",
title = "Understanding the Public’s Animosity Toward News Media: Cynicism and Distrust as Related but Distinct Negative Media Perceptions",
pages = "1-27",
doi = "10.1177/10776990211061764"
}
Markov, Č.,& Min, Y.. (2021). Understanding the Public’s Animosity Toward News Media: Cynicism and Distrust as Related but Distinct Negative Media Perceptions. in Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly
Thousand Oaks : SAGE., 1-27.
https://doi.org/10.1177/10776990211061764
Markov Č, Min Y. Understanding the Public’s Animosity Toward News Media: Cynicism and Distrust as Related but Distinct Negative Media Perceptions. in Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly. 2021;:1-27.
doi:10.1177/10776990211061764 .
Markov, Čedomir, Min, Young, "Understanding the Public’s Animosity Toward News Media: Cynicism and Distrust as Related but Distinct Negative Media Perceptions" in Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly (2021):1-27,
https://doi.org/10.1177/10776990211061764 . .
6
9

Diversity and age stereotypes in portrayals of older adults in popular American primetime television series

Markov, Čedomir; Yoon, Youngmin

(Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2021)

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Markov, Čedomir
AU  - Yoon, Youngmin
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/2507
AB  - To examine the prevalence and diversity of older adults on primetime television, and age stereotyping in these portrayals, we analysed the contents of 112 episodes of popular American television series aired between 2004 and 2018. We identified 6.6 per cent of characters as aged 65 and older – a slight improvement to the values reported in previous studies. However, older adult characters are still grossly under-represented, considering the actual proportion of older adults in the general population of the United States of America. Further, the typical older character was young-old, male, Caucasian, middleclass, able-bodied and straight – if his sexuality was referenced. Older women still face double discrimination in media representations. In addition, older adult characters with ethnicities other than Caucasian and African American are virtually invisible in primetime fiction series. Similarly, old-old characters, sexual minorities and persons with disabilities are particularly rare among older adult characters in this type of programming. Finally, portrayals of 51.9 per cent of characters included at least some elements of age stereotypes, most of which were positive. The most commonly applied positive and negative stereotypes were found to be the golden ager and the shrew, respectively. The findings are discussed in the context of the dominant discourse of ageing and the potential implications of how various social groups perceive ageing and older adults.
PB  - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
T2  - Ageing & Society
T1  - Diversity and age stereotypes in portrayals of older adults in popular American primetime television series
IS  - 12
VL  - 41
SP  - 2747
EP  - 2767
DO  - 10.1017/S0144686X20000549
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Markov, Čedomir and Yoon, Youngmin",
year = "2021",
abstract = "To examine the prevalence and diversity of older adults on primetime television, and age stereotyping in these portrayals, we analysed the contents of 112 episodes of popular American television series aired between 2004 and 2018. We identified 6.6 per cent of characters as aged 65 and older – a slight improvement to the values reported in previous studies. However, older adult characters are still grossly under-represented, considering the actual proportion of older adults in the general population of the United States of America. Further, the typical older character was young-old, male, Caucasian, middleclass, able-bodied and straight – if his sexuality was referenced. Older women still face double discrimination in media representations. In addition, older adult characters with ethnicities other than Caucasian and African American are virtually invisible in primetime fiction series. Similarly, old-old characters, sexual minorities and persons with disabilities are particularly rare among older adult characters in this type of programming. Finally, portrayals of 51.9 per cent of characters included at least some elements of age stereotypes, most of which were positive. The most commonly applied positive and negative stereotypes were found to be the golden ager and the shrew, respectively. The findings are discussed in the context of the dominant discourse of ageing and the potential implications of how various social groups perceive ageing and older adults.",
publisher = "Cambridge : Cambridge University Press",
journal = "Ageing & Society",
title = "Diversity and age stereotypes in portrayals of older adults in popular American primetime television series",
number = "12",
volume = "41",
pages = "2747-2767",
doi = "10.1017/S0144686X20000549"
}
Markov, Č.,& Yoon, Y.. (2021). Diversity and age stereotypes in portrayals of older adults in popular American primetime television series. in Ageing & Society
Cambridge : Cambridge University Press., 41(12), 2747-2767.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X20000549
Markov Č, Yoon Y. Diversity and age stereotypes in portrayals of older adults in popular American primetime television series. in Ageing & Society. 2021;41(12):2747-2767.
doi:10.1017/S0144686X20000549 .
Markov, Čedomir, Yoon, Youngmin, "Diversity and age stereotypes in portrayals of older adults in popular American primetime television series" in Ageing & Society, 41, no. 12 (2021):2747-2767,
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X20000549 . .
16
10

The nature, origins, and consequences of media cynicism and (dis)trust in Serbia

Markov, Čedomir

(Seoul : Korea University, Graduate School, 2021)

TY  - THES
AU  - Markov, Čedomir
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/2505
AB  - Scholars and pundits frequently argue that contemporary professional journalism is experiencing an unprecedented legitimacy crisis. Although the public’s dissatisfaction with news media is not a new phenomenon, its extent, manifestations, and potential democratic implications are becoming
increasingly worrisome. Extant communication scholarship typically interprets this crisis in terms of rapidly increasing media distrust. However, several conceptual and measurement issues surrounding the construct of media (dis)trust have impeded the development of a coherent theory explaining the relevance, causes, and solutions for growing public animosity toward media. Chief among these issues is the absence of a clear understanding of the nature of media distrust, which at times has been described as a reflection of the public’s probing skepticism, and at other times has been equated to a form of debilitating cynicism. 
The main argument in this dissertation is that media distrust and cynicism are two related but distinct perceptions of news media that indicate qualitatively different ways in which audiences relate to news media. Diverse theoretical and empirical evidence is presented to substantiate this argument. Combining insights from multidisciplinary research on cynicism and the study of media perceptions, this dissertation proposes a new conceptual definition of media cynicism. Here, media cynicism is defined as a generalized antagonism toward news media characterized by the belief that media actors are motivated exclusively by self-interests and pessimistic views that journalism could not be improved. Based on this definition, a new set of indicators was developed to measure media cynicism. This made it possible to compare and contrast this newly proposed measure of cynicism with the widely used instrument that measures media distrust in terms of dimensionality and relationships with external variables. 
Following a complementary mixed-methods design, both quantitative and qualitative data were gathered for analysis. Data were collected in Serbia, a transitioning democracy with recent experience with oppressive regimes. The country’s turbulent history has left a strong mark on how the media operate and how the media are perceived by audiences, making Serbia
an appropriate context to study negative media perceptions. Study 1 employed a web-based survey (N = 502) to test hypotheses relating to dimensionality, antecedents, and consequences of media distrust and cynicism. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses results consistently showed that the indicators of media distrust and cynicism are not influenced by the same underlying dimension. Further, structural equation modeling results indicated that the two perceptions could have different origins and consequences. Media (dis)trust appears to be predominately a function of perceived media professionalism, whereas media cynicism was found to be influenced by audience-related, media-related, relational, and contextual factors. The two perceptions may also indicate different ways in which citizens interact with politics and the news. Media distrust was associated with lower political trust and reduced news exposure through mainstream outlets and on social media. Cynicism, in contrast, was found to increase news engagement and exposure to the news through social media.
To complement the findings of Study 1 and elaborate on identified patterns, Study 2 adopted an audience-centric approach to explore perceptions of and experiences with news media in a more holistic manner. This was accomplished by conducting in-depth interviews (N = 20) with diverse participants. Thematic coding of the data revealed that experiences of media distrust and cynicism may differ based on the audience’s political interest, motivation, and self-efficacy. Whereas general media cynicism consistently applies to all media actors indiscriminately, partisan media cynicism only affects uncongenial outlets, and ambivalent media cynicism coexists with a relatively high  degree of empathy for newspersons. Participants typically assessed the trustworthiness of specific news outlets or groups of homogenous outlets, and many struggled to apply these assessments to more abstract targets (i.e., news media in general). Although participants commonly used normative terms when evaluating the media (e.g., objectivity, accuracy, and neutrality), many infused such terms with their own biases, indicating a gap between academic and lay understandings of professionalism and trustworthiness of the media. In some cases, participants strongly relied on their self-efficacy instead of media trust, indicating that some audiences perceive much more control over public information than is recognized in the literature. Finally, practices relating to audiences’ media repertoires, news avoidance, and news engagement were found to vary based on the expressions of media distrust and cynicism. Importantly, the findings indicated that under certain conditions, media cynicism could lead to disruptive civic behaviors. 
The findings of this dissertation have important theoretical and practical implications. In order to more precisely describe the characteristics of the crisis in audience-media relationships and understand its causes and consequences, future studies should include media cynicism when analyzing media perceptions. Moreover, this dissertation provides analytical tools that can help media practitioners and civic educators to formulate promising solutions to counter the public’s growing discontent with the media and forge democracy-supporting audience-media relationships.
AB  - 많은 학자와 전문가들은 오늘날의 저널리즘이 전례 없는 정당성 위기를 겪고 있다고 주장한다. 역사적으로 볼 때, 언론에 대한 이용자의 불만이 완전히 새로운 현상은 아니지만, 그 규모와 양상, 특히
민주주의에 끼치는 영향의 측면에서 과거와는 다른 우려를 낳고 있다. 이와 관련해 많은 연구자들이 언론과 이용자의 관계를 분석하는 과정에서 ‘미디어 냉소주의’를 ‘미디어 신뢰’ 또는 ‘미디어 불신’과
연관시켜왔다. 그러나 미디어 신뢰(또는 불신)와 미디어 냉소주의를 개념적으로 명확히 구분하지 않은 연구는 오히려 현상의 원인과 해법을 적절하게 제시하는 이론의 개발을 더디게 만들었다. 이러한 혼란은 미디어 불신 및 미디어 냉소주의의 본질적 특성을 명확하게 구분하지 못한 것에서 비롯된 것으로 보인다.
이 논문은 미디어 불신과 미디어 냉소주의가 상호 연관되면서도 질적으로 구분되는 개념이라는 점을 규명했다. 냉소주의에 대한 다학제적 이론적 접근과 뉴스 미디어에 대한 시민의 인식을 다루는
다양한 연구 결과를 바탕으로, 이 논문은 ‘미디어 냉소주의’에 대한 새로운 개념 정의를 제안했다.
이 논문이 재개념화한 미디어 냉소주의는 뉴스 미디어에 대한 일반화된 적대감을 뜻한다. 이는 언론 행위가 주로 자사이기주의적 동기에서 비롯된다는 인식과 저널리즘이 개선되기 어렵다는 비관적
태도로 구성된다. 이 연구는 하위 차원과 지표, 그리고 외적 변수들과의 관계를 중심으로 미디어 냉소주의와 미디어 불신을 비교하고 대조할 수 있었다.
이 연구는 혼합적 연구방법을 적용하여 양적, 질적 자료를 모두 수집했으며, 최근까지 억압적 정치체제를 겪었던 신생 민주국가 세르비아를 대상으로 연구를 수행했다. 세르비아가 겪은 정치사회적
굴곡은 뉴스 미디어의 작동 방식과 시민들의 미디어 인식에도 큰 영향을 미쳤으며, 이는 언론에 대한 부정적 인식을 연구하는 데에 적절한 환경을 제공했다.
<연구 1>은 온라인 설문조사(N = 502)를 통해 미디어 냉소주의와 불신에 대한 측정모델을 검증했다. 탐색적/확증적 요인 분석 결과, 미디어 냉소주의와 불신은 공통의 차원에 영향을 받지 않았으며 상이한 차원들로 구성되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 미디어 냉소주의와 불신의 원인 및 결과에 대한 구조방정식 모형 분석도 두 개념 사이의 차별성을 확인해 주었다. 미디어 불신의 가장 큰 원인은 미디어 전문성에 대한 이용자 인식으로 나타난 반면, 미디어 냉소주의는 이용자와 미디어 관계와 이용자를 둘러싼 맥락적 요인(예컨대, 지인들의 미디어 적대감 등)에서 비롯되는 것으로 관찰됐다. 또한 미디어 냉소주의와 불신은 미디어 행위와 정치적 행위에도 상이한 결과를 초래하는 것으로 나타났다. 미디어 불신은 정치 불신을 촉진하는 한편 전통적 뉴스 이용을 감소시키는 효과를 보인 반면, 미디어 냉소주의는 소셜미디어를 통한 뉴스 이용을 높이고 뉴스 관여도를 증진하는 것으로 나타났다.
<연구 1>의 결과를 보완하고 정교화하기 위해, <연구 2>는 이용자 중심의 접근을 통해 이용자의 미디어 인식과 경험을 직접적으로 탐색했다. 이를 위해 다양한 연령대의 미디어 이용자들(N = 20)과 심층 인터뷰를 실시했다.
연구 결과, 시민들이 경험하는 미디어 냉소주의와 불신은 그들의 정치적 관심, 뉴스와 정치에 관심을 가지는 동기, 자기효능감 등에 따라 다르게 나타났다. ‘일반적 미디어 냉소주의’ 집단은 모든 언론인과 언론사를 부정적으로 인식한 반면, ‘정파적 냉소주의’ 집단은 정치적 입장이 다른 언론사에 대해서만 적대감을 나타냈다. ‘양가적 미디어 냉소주의’ 집단은 미디어에 대해 비관적 태도를 보이면서도 언론인들의 상황에 대해서는 상대적으로 높은 공감을 보였다. 인터뷰 참여자들은 특정한 뉴스 미디어의 신뢰성은 수월하게 평가했으나, 추상적 대상, 즉 뉴스 미디어 일반을 평가하는 것에는
능숙하지 않았다. 뉴스 미디어를 평가할 때 인터뷰 참여자들은 종종 규범적 용어들(예컨대, 객관성, 정확성, 혹은 중립성)을 사용했지만, 그 중 많은 사람들이 주관적이고 편향된 방식으로 각 용어를 해석하고 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 미디어 전문성과 신뢰성에 대한 학문적 이해와 보통 시민들의 인식 사이에 격차가 존재할 수 있음을 암시한다. 일부 시민들은 미디어 신뢰가 아닌 자기효능감에 의존하여 공적 정보의 객관성을 파악하고 판단하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 선행 연구에서
제기한 것보다 더 높은 수준으로 시민들이 뉴스에 대한 자신의 통제력을 평가하고 있음을 보여준다.
더 나아가, 미디어 냉소주의나 불신의 형태에 따라 이용자들의 미디어 레퍼토리, 뉴스 회피, 뉴스 관여도 등도 달라지는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 특정 미디어 냉소주의 유형은 시민적, 사회적 소통에
매우 부정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이 논문의 연구 결과는 중요한 이론적, 실천적 함의를 가진다. 무엇보다 이 연구는 이용자-미디어 관계 위기의 본질을 정확하게 이해하고 그 원인과 결과를 적절하게 설명하기 위해서 향후 연구는 냉소주의를 중심으로 시민들의 미디어 인식을 탐색해야 한다고 제안했다. 미디어에 대한 시민들의 불만에 대처하고 민주주의에 기여하는 방식으로 미디어와 이용자 관계를 개선하기 위해, 미디어 전문가와 시민 교육자들은 이 논문의 분석적 도구를 유용하게 활용할 수 있을 것이다.
PB  - Seoul : Korea University, Graduate School
T1  - The nature, origins, and consequences of media cynicism and (dis)trust in Serbia
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2505
ER  - 
@phdthesis{
author = "Markov, Čedomir",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Scholars and pundits frequently argue that contemporary professional journalism is experiencing an unprecedented legitimacy crisis. Although the public’s dissatisfaction with news media is not a new phenomenon, its extent, manifestations, and potential democratic implications are becoming
increasingly worrisome. Extant communication scholarship typically interprets this crisis in terms of rapidly increasing media distrust. However, several conceptual and measurement issues surrounding the construct of media (dis)trust have impeded the development of a coherent theory explaining the relevance, causes, and solutions for growing public animosity toward media. Chief among these issues is the absence of a clear understanding of the nature of media distrust, which at times has been described as a reflection of the public’s probing skepticism, and at other times has been equated to a form of debilitating cynicism. 
The main argument in this dissertation is that media distrust and cynicism are two related but distinct perceptions of news media that indicate qualitatively different ways in which audiences relate to news media. Diverse theoretical and empirical evidence is presented to substantiate this argument. Combining insights from multidisciplinary research on cynicism and the study of media perceptions, this dissertation proposes a new conceptual definition of media cynicism. Here, media cynicism is defined as a generalized antagonism toward news media characterized by the belief that media actors are motivated exclusively by self-interests and pessimistic views that journalism could not be improved. Based on this definition, a new set of indicators was developed to measure media cynicism. This made it possible to compare and contrast this newly proposed measure of cynicism with the widely used instrument that measures media distrust in terms of dimensionality and relationships with external variables. 
Following a complementary mixed-methods design, both quantitative and qualitative data were gathered for analysis. Data were collected in Serbia, a transitioning democracy with recent experience with oppressive regimes. The country’s turbulent history has left a strong mark on how the media operate and how the media are perceived by audiences, making Serbia
an appropriate context to study negative media perceptions. Study 1 employed a web-based survey (N = 502) to test hypotheses relating to dimensionality, antecedents, and consequences of media distrust and cynicism. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses results consistently showed that the indicators of media distrust and cynicism are not influenced by the same underlying dimension. Further, structural equation modeling results indicated that the two perceptions could have different origins and consequences. Media (dis)trust appears to be predominately a function of perceived media professionalism, whereas media cynicism was found to be influenced by audience-related, media-related, relational, and contextual factors. The two perceptions may also indicate different ways in which citizens interact with politics and the news. Media distrust was associated with lower political trust and reduced news exposure through mainstream outlets and on social media. Cynicism, in contrast, was found to increase news engagement and exposure to the news through social media.
To complement the findings of Study 1 and elaborate on identified patterns, Study 2 adopted an audience-centric approach to explore perceptions of and experiences with news media in a more holistic manner. This was accomplished by conducting in-depth interviews (N = 20) with diverse participants. Thematic coding of the data revealed that experiences of media distrust and cynicism may differ based on the audience’s political interest, motivation, and self-efficacy. Whereas general media cynicism consistently applies to all media actors indiscriminately, partisan media cynicism only affects uncongenial outlets, and ambivalent media cynicism coexists with a relatively high  degree of empathy for newspersons. Participants typically assessed the trustworthiness of specific news outlets or groups of homogenous outlets, and many struggled to apply these assessments to more abstract targets (i.e., news media in general). Although participants commonly used normative terms when evaluating the media (e.g., objectivity, accuracy, and neutrality), many infused such terms with their own biases, indicating a gap between academic and lay understandings of professionalism and trustworthiness of the media. In some cases, participants strongly relied on their self-efficacy instead of media trust, indicating that some audiences perceive much more control over public information than is recognized in the literature. Finally, practices relating to audiences’ media repertoires, news avoidance, and news engagement were found to vary based on the expressions of media distrust and cynicism. Importantly, the findings indicated that under certain conditions, media cynicism could lead to disruptive civic behaviors. 
The findings of this dissertation have important theoretical and practical implications. In order to more precisely describe the characteristics of the crisis in audience-media relationships and understand its causes and consequences, future studies should include media cynicism when analyzing media perceptions. Moreover, this dissertation provides analytical tools that can help media practitioners and civic educators to formulate promising solutions to counter the public’s growing discontent with the media and forge democracy-supporting audience-media relationships., 많은 학자와 전문가들은 오늘날의 저널리즘이 전례 없는 정당성 위기를 겪고 있다고 주장한다. 역사적으로 볼 때, 언론에 대한 이용자의 불만이 완전히 새로운 현상은 아니지만, 그 규모와 양상, 특히
민주주의에 끼치는 영향의 측면에서 과거와는 다른 우려를 낳고 있다. 이와 관련해 많은 연구자들이 언론과 이용자의 관계를 분석하는 과정에서 ‘미디어 냉소주의’를 ‘미디어 신뢰’ 또는 ‘미디어 불신’과
연관시켜왔다. 그러나 미디어 신뢰(또는 불신)와 미디어 냉소주의를 개념적으로 명확히 구분하지 않은 연구는 오히려 현상의 원인과 해법을 적절하게 제시하는 이론의 개발을 더디게 만들었다. 이러한 혼란은 미디어 불신 및 미디어 냉소주의의 본질적 특성을 명확하게 구분하지 못한 것에서 비롯된 것으로 보인다.
이 논문은 미디어 불신과 미디어 냉소주의가 상호 연관되면서도 질적으로 구분되는 개념이라는 점을 규명했다. 냉소주의에 대한 다학제적 이론적 접근과 뉴스 미디어에 대한 시민의 인식을 다루는
다양한 연구 결과를 바탕으로, 이 논문은 ‘미디어 냉소주의’에 대한 새로운 개념 정의를 제안했다.
이 논문이 재개념화한 미디어 냉소주의는 뉴스 미디어에 대한 일반화된 적대감을 뜻한다. 이는 언론 행위가 주로 자사이기주의적 동기에서 비롯된다는 인식과 저널리즘이 개선되기 어렵다는 비관적
태도로 구성된다. 이 연구는 하위 차원과 지표, 그리고 외적 변수들과의 관계를 중심으로 미디어 냉소주의와 미디어 불신을 비교하고 대조할 수 있었다.
이 연구는 혼합적 연구방법을 적용하여 양적, 질적 자료를 모두 수집했으며, 최근까지 억압적 정치체제를 겪었던 신생 민주국가 세르비아를 대상으로 연구를 수행했다. 세르비아가 겪은 정치사회적
굴곡은 뉴스 미디어의 작동 방식과 시민들의 미디어 인식에도 큰 영향을 미쳤으며, 이는 언론에 대한 부정적 인식을 연구하는 데에 적절한 환경을 제공했다.
<연구 1>은 온라인 설문조사(N = 502)를 통해 미디어 냉소주의와 불신에 대한 측정모델을 검증했다. 탐색적/확증적 요인 분석 결과, 미디어 냉소주의와 불신은 공통의 차원에 영향을 받지 않았으며 상이한 차원들로 구성되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 미디어 냉소주의와 불신의 원인 및 결과에 대한 구조방정식 모형 분석도 두 개념 사이의 차별성을 확인해 주었다. 미디어 불신의 가장 큰 원인은 미디어 전문성에 대한 이용자 인식으로 나타난 반면, 미디어 냉소주의는 이용자와 미디어 관계와 이용자를 둘러싼 맥락적 요인(예컨대, 지인들의 미디어 적대감 등)에서 비롯되는 것으로 관찰됐다. 또한 미디어 냉소주의와 불신은 미디어 행위와 정치적 행위에도 상이한 결과를 초래하는 것으로 나타났다. 미디어 불신은 정치 불신을 촉진하는 한편 전통적 뉴스 이용을 감소시키는 효과를 보인 반면, 미디어 냉소주의는 소셜미디어를 통한 뉴스 이용을 높이고 뉴스 관여도를 증진하는 것으로 나타났다.
<연구 1>의 결과를 보완하고 정교화하기 위해, <연구 2>는 이용자 중심의 접근을 통해 이용자의 미디어 인식과 경험을 직접적으로 탐색했다. 이를 위해 다양한 연령대의 미디어 이용자들(N = 20)과 심층 인터뷰를 실시했다.
연구 결과, 시민들이 경험하는 미디어 냉소주의와 불신은 그들의 정치적 관심, 뉴스와 정치에 관심을 가지는 동기, 자기효능감 등에 따라 다르게 나타났다. ‘일반적 미디어 냉소주의’ 집단은 모든 언론인과 언론사를 부정적으로 인식한 반면, ‘정파적 냉소주의’ 집단은 정치적 입장이 다른 언론사에 대해서만 적대감을 나타냈다. ‘양가적 미디어 냉소주의’ 집단은 미디어에 대해 비관적 태도를 보이면서도 언론인들의 상황에 대해서는 상대적으로 높은 공감을 보였다. 인터뷰 참여자들은 특정한 뉴스 미디어의 신뢰성은 수월하게 평가했으나, 추상적 대상, 즉 뉴스 미디어 일반을 평가하는 것에는
능숙하지 않았다. 뉴스 미디어를 평가할 때 인터뷰 참여자들은 종종 규범적 용어들(예컨대, 객관성, 정확성, 혹은 중립성)을 사용했지만, 그 중 많은 사람들이 주관적이고 편향된 방식으로 각 용어를 해석하고 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 미디어 전문성과 신뢰성에 대한 학문적 이해와 보통 시민들의 인식 사이에 격차가 존재할 수 있음을 암시한다. 일부 시민들은 미디어 신뢰가 아닌 자기효능감에 의존하여 공적 정보의 객관성을 파악하고 판단하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 선행 연구에서
제기한 것보다 더 높은 수준으로 시민들이 뉴스에 대한 자신의 통제력을 평가하고 있음을 보여준다.
더 나아가, 미디어 냉소주의나 불신의 형태에 따라 이용자들의 미디어 레퍼토리, 뉴스 회피, 뉴스 관여도 등도 달라지는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 특정 미디어 냉소주의 유형은 시민적, 사회적 소통에
매우 부정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이 논문의 연구 결과는 중요한 이론적, 실천적 함의를 가진다. 무엇보다 이 연구는 이용자-미디어 관계 위기의 본질을 정확하게 이해하고 그 원인과 결과를 적절하게 설명하기 위해서 향후 연구는 냉소주의를 중심으로 시민들의 미디어 인식을 탐색해야 한다고 제안했다. 미디어에 대한 시민들의 불만에 대처하고 민주주의에 기여하는 방식으로 미디어와 이용자 관계를 개선하기 위해, 미디어 전문가와 시민 교육자들은 이 논문의 분석적 도구를 유용하게 활용할 수 있을 것이다.",
publisher = "Seoul : Korea University, Graduate School",
title = "The nature, origins, and consequences of media cynicism and (dis)trust in Serbia",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2505"
}
Markov, Č.. (2021). The nature, origins, and consequences of media cynicism and (dis)trust in Serbia. 
Seoul : Korea University, Graduate School..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2505
Markov Č. The nature, origins, and consequences of media cynicism and (dis)trust in Serbia. 2021;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2505 .
Markov, Čedomir, "The nature, origins, and consequences of media cynicism and (dis)trust in Serbia" (2021),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2505 .

Media literacy in the digital environment: Perspectives, challenges, and potentials for audiences In Serbia

Markov, Čedomir; Krstić, Aleksandra

(Belgrade : Faculty of Dramatic Arts, Institute for Theatre, Film, Radio and Television, 2021)

TY  - CONF
AU  - Markov, Čedomir
AU  - Krstić, Aleksandra
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/2504
AB  - Recent public opinion polls indicate that the public’s distrust in traditional news media is on the rise and that citizens increasingly turn to alternative information sources in the digital environment.
Professional journalism—burdened by a multifaceted crisis—faces the challenge of maintaining a central position in the public information process. In this environment, media audiences may themselves produce media content and perform some journalistic functions, such as selection and verification of the news. These processes have the potential to contribute to the democratization
of public information and to improve the critical capacity of citizens, which could help the public resist manipulation attempts from various political actors and organized interests. In such a context, improving media literacy is often discussed as a panacea for democratic challenges in the digital environment in both academic and media discourses. Similar to other countries, the popularity of media literacy programs in both formal and informal education is on the rise in Serbia. Recent empirical research shows that such programs are not a universal remedy and that their success is contingent on careful planning and setting realistic goals. The first aim of this study is to offer a critical review of the literature on media literacy focusing on theoretical and methodological diversity, as well as on the empirical findings regarding intervention effects. Based on this analysis, we will propose a research agenda with the aim of bridging the works of practitioners and researchers in order to increase the potential of future media literacy programs to improve the civic capacities of digital audiences in Serbia.
PB  - Belgrade : Faculty of Dramatic Arts, Institute for Theatre, Film, Radio and Television
C3  - Creativity and Innovations in Theatre, Media and Cultural Productions: Visions and Values for the Future. Book of abstracts
T1  - Media literacy in the digital environment: Perspectives, challenges, and potentials for audiences In Serbia
SP  - 85
EP  - 86
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2504
ER  - 
@conference{
author = "Markov, Čedomir and Krstić, Aleksandra",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Recent public opinion polls indicate that the public’s distrust in traditional news media is on the rise and that citizens increasingly turn to alternative information sources in the digital environment.
Professional journalism—burdened by a multifaceted crisis—faces the challenge of maintaining a central position in the public information process. In this environment, media audiences may themselves produce media content and perform some journalistic functions, such as selection and verification of the news. These processes have the potential to contribute to the democratization
of public information and to improve the critical capacity of citizens, which could help the public resist manipulation attempts from various political actors and organized interests. In such a context, improving media literacy is often discussed as a panacea for democratic challenges in the digital environment in both academic and media discourses. Similar to other countries, the popularity of media literacy programs in both formal and informal education is on the rise in Serbia. Recent empirical research shows that such programs are not a universal remedy and that their success is contingent on careful planning and setting realistic goals. The first aim of this study is to offer a critical review of the literature on media literacy focusing on theoretical and methodological diversity, as well as on the empirical findings regarding intervention effects. Based on this analysis, we will propose a research agenda with the aim of bridging the works of practitioners and researchers in order to increase the potential of future media literacy programs to improve the civic capacities of digital audiences in Serbia.",
publisher = "Belgrade : Faculty of Dramatic Arts, Institute for Theatre, Film, Radio and Television",
journal = "Creativity and Innovations in Theatre, Media and Cultural Productions: Visions and Values for the Future. Book of abstracts",
title = "Media literacy in the digital environment: Perspectives, challenges, and potentials for audiences In Serbia",
pages = "85-86",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2504"
}
Markov, Č.,& Krstić, A.. (2021). Media literacy in the digital environment: Perspectives, challenges, and potentials for audiences In Serbia. in Creativity and Innovations in Theatre, Media and Cultural Productions: Visions and Values for the Future. Book of abstracts
Belgrade : Faculty of Dramatic Arts, Institute for Theatre, Film, Radio and Television., 85-86.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2504
Markov Č, Krstić A. Media literacy in the digital environment: Perspectives, challenges, and potentials for audiences In Serbia. in Creativity and Innovations in Theatre, Media and Cultural Productions: Visions and Values for the Future. Book of abstracts. 2021;:85-86.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2504 .
Markov, Čedomir, Krstić, Aleksandra, "Media literacy in the digital environment: Perspectives, challenges, and potentials for audiences In Serbia" in Creativity and Innovations in Theatre, Media and Cultural Productions: Visions and Values for the Future. Book of abstracts (2021):85-86,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rifdt_2504 .

The origins of media trust in a young democracy

Markov, Čedomir; Min, Young

(Pamplona : Universidad de Navarra, 2020)

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Markov, Čedomir
AU  - Min, Young
PY  - 2020
UR  - http://rifdt.instifdt.bg.ac.rs/123456789/2506
AB  - Declining trust in news media has often been recognized as one of the major challenges facing modern journalism with potentially detrimental consequences for democratic processes. In this
article, we examine the predictive potential of cultural-political and performance factors on public trust in news media in the context of a young democracy. Specifically, we have analyzed to what extent citizens’ populist attitudes and perceptions of journalistic roles relate to the levels of media trust using data from an online survey of Serbian respondents (N = 200). The findings showed that support for populism did not significantly predict trust in news media in general after controlling for relevant factors, most importantly political trust. However, populist attitudes were found to be related to the amount of trust citizens have in distinct types of news media—i.e., those who support populism exhibited less trust in public broadcasters than in online news outlets. The analyses also revealed that the more Serbian citizens perceived news media as being successful at performing
interpretive and mobilizing roles, the more trust they placed in the media.
PB  - Pamplona : Universidad de Navarra
T2  - Communication & Society
T1  - The origins of media trust in a young democracy
IS  - 3
VL  - 33
SP  - 67
EP  - 84
DO  - 10.15581/003.33.3.67-84
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Markov, Čedomir and Min, Young",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Declining trust in news media has often been recognized as one of the major challenges facing modern journalism with potentially detrimental consequences for democratic processes. In this
article, we examine the predictive potential of cultural-political and performance factors on public trust in news media in the context of a young democracy. Specifically, we have analyzed to what extent citizens’ populist attitudes and perceptions of journalistic roles relate to the levels of media trust using data from an online survey of Serbian respondents (N = 200). The findings showed that support for populism did not significantly predict trust in news media in general after controlling for relevant factors, most importantly political trust. However, populist attitudes were found to be related to the amount of trust citizens have in distinct types of news media—i.e., those who support populism exhibited less trust in public broadcasters than in online news outlets. The analyses also revealed that the more Serbian citizens perceived news media as being successful at performing
interpretive and mobilizing roles, the more trust they placed in the media.",
publisher = "Pamplona : Universidad de Navarra",
journal = "Communication & Society",
title = "The origins of media trust in a young democracy",
number = "3",
volume = "33",
pages = "67-84",
doi = "10.15581/003.33.3.67-84"
}
Markov, Č.,& Min, Y.. (2020). The origins of media trust in a young democracy. in Communication & Society
Pamplona : Universidad de Navarra., 33(3), 67-84.
https://doi.org/10.15581/003.33.3.67-84
Markov Č, Min Y. The origins of media trust in a young democracy. in Communication & Society. 2020;33(3):67-84.
doi:10.15581/003.33.3.67-84 .
Markov, Čedomir, Min, Young, "The origins of media trust in a young democracy" in Communication & Society, 33, no. 3 (2020):67-84,
https://doi.org/10.15581/003.33.3.67-84 . .
7