Role Concepts of Technology Assessment between Postulates of Neutrality and the Demand for Creating Impact

Abstract

Technology assessment (TA) has been evolving as a research-based and anticipatory field of scientific policy-advice for more than fifty years. Its position at the interface between science and policy-making has caused several debates on its adequate roles. Proposals reach from the position of a neutral and distant observer of ongoing developments up to taking an active role in transformation processes fueled by the technological advance, e.g. in favor of sustainable development. In this paper, several role concepts of TA will be discussed against the background of a new framework concept on technology assessment. It will be shown, that TA usually has to take the role of an Honest Broker in assessing new technologies as an umbrella role concept. The specific manifestations of this umbrella role, however, can vary from context to context. The role concept of the Honest Broker serves as an orientation to determine the more specific roles in the tension between assumed neutrality and the obligation to create impact.

Procena tehnologije (TA) razvija se u poslednjih pedest godina sa osnovom u istraživanjima i polju predviđanja naučnih javnih politika. Ta pozicija na razmeđu između nauke i javnih politika je prouzrokovala nekoliko debata o njenim adekvatnim alatkama. Predlozi polaze od pozicije neutralnog i udaljenog posmatrača tekućeg razvitka do zauzimanja aktivne uloge u procesima transformacije potpomognutim tehnološkim napretcima, na primer, u korist održivog razvoja. U ovom radu, nekoliko koncepata uloge iz procene tehnologije će se diskutovati u okviru novog rama koncepta procene tehnologije. Pokazaću da PT često mora da zauzme ulogu Honest Broker u proceni tehnologije kao krovni koncept. Specifična pojavnost ove krovne uloge varira od konteksta do konteksta. Koncept Honest Broker služi kao orijentacija da se odredi specifičnija uloga u tenziji između takozvane neutralnosti i obaveze da se stvori uticaj.