Neophodnost industrijske politike za reindustrijalizaciju Srbije
The necessity of an industrial policy for reindustrialisation of the Republic of Serbia
Abstract
Industrija, a posebno prerađivačka industrija, osnovni je pokretač privrednog
razvoja. Bez aktivne države putem industrijske politike razvoj industrije nije moguć.
Mada je Vlada Republike Srbije donela strateški dokument „Strategija i politika
razvoja industrije Srbije u period 2011-2020“, mere iznete u ovom dokumentu nisu
u skladu sa načelima industrijske politike. Ovaj dokument industrijsku politiku vidi
kao privatizaciju i liberalizaciju uz podršku otvaranju novih preduzeća bez obzira u
kom su sektoru, dok je upravo aktivna promocija i zaštita tzv. „šumpeterijalnskih
aktivnosti“ neophodna za reindustrijalizaciju zemlje. U okviru ovog rada smo
pokazali da su danas najrazvijenije zemlje sveta u toku procesa sustizanja
tadašnjih svetskih lidera koristile aktivnu ulogu države u podsticanju razvoja
njihove tada mlade industrije. Mada ne koriste naziv industrijske politike, većina
vlada razvijenih kapitalističkih privreda i dalje interveniše na tržištu i utiče na
privredu. Ove... intervencije su najčešće opisane kao „politike konkurentnosti“ i
mnoge zemlje su donele programe s ciljem da povećaju konkurentnost svojih
privreda, prvenstveno kroz ulaganja u istraživanje i razvoj. Za privredni razvoj
Srbije od ključnog je značaja aktivna uloga države da kroz mere industrijske
politike podstakne revitalizaciju industrije.
Industry, particularly manufacturing, is the main driver of economic development.
Without an active state through an industrial policy industrial development is not
possible. Although the Government of the Republic of Serbia adopted the
document Strategy and Policy of Industrial Development of Serbia in the period
2011-2020, the measures presented in this document are not in accordance with
the main tenets of industrial policy. In this document, industrial policy is seen as
privatization and liberalization with the support for new enterprises regardless of
the sector in which they operate. However, active promotion of so called
“Schumpeterian activities” is essential for (re)industrialization of a country. In this
paper we showed that the most developed countries in their process of catching
up with the leaders of the time carefully fostered and incentivised development of
their infant industries. Although they often do not use the name of industrial
policy, most government...s of developed capitalist economies intervene in the
market and affect the economy in a highly selective manner. These interventions
are the most often described as a "competition policy", and many countries have
announced programs aimed to raise competitiveness, which typically focus on
incentives for research and development and innovation. Thus, for the economic
development of Serbia the state should have an essential role. It should encourage
revitalization of manufacturing through industrial policy.
Keywords:
industrijska politika / industrial policy / reindustrijalizacija / Srbija / reindustrialisation / SerbiaSource:
Strukturne promene u Srbiji – dosadašnji rezultati i perspektive, 2015, 65-77Publisher:
- Beograd : Institut ekonomskih nauka
Projects:
- European integrations and social and economic changes in Serbian economy on the way to the EU (RS-47009)
- Challenges and Prospects of Structural Changes in Serbia: Strategic Directions for Economic Development and Harmonization with EU Requirements (RS-179015)